Sockets and Drive Tools

Snap-on continued to improve its sockets throughout the 1930s and beyond, although the pace of change wasn't as rapid as it had been in the 1920s. The more notable improvements included the introduction of hot-broached construction, more refined polished chrome finishes, the Loxocket locking mechanism for larger drives, and drive-wall recesses for 1/2-drive and smaller. In addition, numerous cosmetic changes were made to the socket styles, giving the sockets an updated appearance every few years.

In addition to the improvements in socket construction, the number of applications for sockets expanded greatly, and Snap-on offered a much greater selection of sockets. Drive sizes included 9/32 (later 1/4), 3/8, 1/2, 3/4, 1 inch, and even 1.5 inches. Sockets were offered in shallow and deep styles, and with hex or double-hex (and sometimes double-square) broachings. The introduction of air-powered impact wrenches lead to a need for special impact-grade sockets, and the growing use of metric sizes required special sockets.

Early Reversible Ratchets

One of Snap-on's most important innovations for the 1930s was the development of their high-strength reversible ratchet mechanism.

Snap-on F-70 3/8-Drive Ratchet

We'll begin this section with a very early example of a Snap-on reversible ratchet.

Fig. 136. Snap-on F-70 3/8-Drive Ratchet, with Insets for Back Side and Side View, 1931.

Fig. 136 shows an early 3/8-drive Snap-on F-70 ratchet, with markings "Snap-on Kenosha, Wis." forged into the shank, and with "Patent Appl'd For" forged into the back side.

The overall length is 6.5 inches. The original finish was chrome plating, though most has been lost to wear and rust.

The back side is stamped with two date codes, an asterisk symbol "*" for 1931 on the head, and the four-cornered symbol for 1933 on the cover plate. (See middle inset.)

The patent pending notation on the ratchet corresponds to patent #1,854,513, filed by L.A. Hummel in 1930 and issued in 1932 with assignment to Snap-on. This important patent formed the basis for most of the reversible ratchets produced by Snap-on, and ratchets of this same design remain in production today.

This early ratchet uses a somewhat fragile "S" shaped spring to provide the bias on the pawl, as is described in the patent document. These "S" springs are subject to wear from rubbing on the pawl and cover plate, causing eventual breakage; in addition, the spring can easily be lost if the ratchet is disassembled for repair.

Snap-on No. 71 1/2-Drive Ratchet

Fig. 137. Snap-on No. 71 1/2-Drive Ratchet, with Insets for Back Side and Side View, 1933.

Fig. 137 shows an early 1/2-drive Snap-on No. 71 reversible ratchet, with "Snap-on Kenosha, Wis." in raised letters forged into the shank, and with "Patent Applied For" forged into the back side.

The overall length is 9.5 inches, and the finish is polished chrome.

The back side face plate is stamped with the date code for 1933, a four-cornered symbol resemling a diamond but with the sides bowed inward.

As with the previous example, the patent applied notice on the ratchet corresponds to patent #1,854,513, issued to L.A. Hummel in 1932 with assignment to Snap-on.

Snap-on No. 71A 1/2-Drive Ratchet

By 1934 Snap-on had started marking their patent number on the ratchets, as the next several examples will show.

Fig. 138. Snap-on No. 71A 1/2-Drive Ratchet, with Insets for Back Side and Side View, 1934.

Fig. 138 shows a 1/2-drive Snap-on No. 71A reversible ratchet, marked on the shank with the Snap-on logo and "Kenosha, Wis." in raised letters, with a "Pat. No. 1854513" patent notice forged into the back side.

The overall length is 9.6 inches, and the finish is chrome plating with polished faces.

The top face is stamped with a stylized "4" date code for 1934, placed between the "On" and "Off" markings below the shift lever.

The patent notice refers to the 1932 Hummel patent #1,854,513 mentioned previously.

Snap-on F-70A 3/8-Drive Ratchet

Our last example for this section will show a model externally similar to previous examples, but with a detent ball instead of an S-spring.

Fig. 139. Snap-on F-70A 3/8-Drive Ratchet, with Insets for Side View and Back Side, 1935.

Fig. 139 shows a 3/8-drive Snap-on F-70A ratchet, marked with the Snap-on logo and "Kenosha Wis." forged into the shank, and with "Patent No. 1854531" forged into the back side.

The overall length is 6.5 inches. The finish is plain steel for the body with chrome plating on the cover plate, though most has been lost due to wear.

The face is stamped with a stylized "5" date code for 1935, placed between the "On" and "Off" markings below the shift lever.

The patent notation on the ratchet refers to the 1932 Hummel patent #1,854,513 mentioned previously. But did any readers notice the discrepancy between this paragraph and the previously recorded patent number? The patent number forged into the handle of this ratchet is incorrect, as the last two digits have been transposed! This sort of problem is actually fairly common, but hadn't been noted previously for a Snap-on tool.

In this ratchet the original "S" spring for the pawl bias has been replaced by a detent ball seated in the handle. The detent ball proved to be a much more reliable mechanism for the pawl action, and remains in use today on ratchets of this type. Interestingly though, earlier versions of the F-70A model from 1934 still used the S-spring, so that the changeover to detent balls occurred within this model series.

1/2-Drive Sockets and Tools

After our introduction to the reversible ratchets, we'll turn now to Snap-on's 1/2-drive tools, their "Standard" size and the ones generally most familiar (and available).

Snap-on 1/2-Drive Dh260 13/16 Socket

Readers familiar with the Snap-on sockets of the 1920s might wonder what happened to the trusty tapered-wall sockets of that time. These socket models, numbered from 140 through 340-1/2 in the old system, had been updated with double-hex broachings in the late 1920s. The Snap-on catalogs of the 1930s continued to list this style of socket as a 1/2-drive DH-xxx series, yet despite being offered at least through the late 1930s, examples of this style of socket are relatively uncommon.

The next several figures will show examples of the DH-series 1/2-drive sockets.

Fig. 140. Snap-on 1/2-Drive DH-260 13/16 Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail, 1930.

Fig. 140 shows a 1/2-drive Snap-on Dh260 13/16 socket, marked with the model number and Snap-on logo. The socket is also marked with overstamped date codes, a "0" date code for 1930 and an "*" for 1931, as shown in the lower right inset.

The finish is a thin nickel plating, with losses due to wear.

The right inset shows the broaching opening. The walls have chatter marks typical of cold-broached construction, and the area below the broaching is recessed for chip removal.

Snap-on 1/2-Drive Dh320-1/2 1 Inch Sockets

Fig. 141. Snap-on 1/2-Drive DH-320-1/2 1 Inch Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail, 1932.

Fig. 141 shows a 1/2-drive Snap-on Dh320-1/2 1 inch socket, marked with the model number and Snap-on logo. The socket is also marked with overstamped date code symbols for 1932 and 1933.

The finish is chrome plating with polished upper walls.

The right inset shows the broaching opening. The walls have chatter marks typical of cold-broached construction, and the area below the broaching is recessed for chip removal.

Fig. 142. Snap-on 1/2-Drive DH-320-1/2 1 Inch Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail, 1934.

Fig. 142 shows another example of the Snap-on Dh320-1/2 socket, marked with the Snap-on logo and a stylized "4" date code for 1934. Oddly though, the "DH" prefix to the model number has been omitted on this example, but clearly it is a double-hex tapered-wall socket, nearly identical to the previous figure.

The finish is chrome plating with polished upper walls.

The right inset shows the broaching opening, with chatter marks on the walls and a recessed area below the broaching, typical of cold-broached construction.

Snap-on 1/2-Drive DH-200 5/8 Socket

Fig. 143. Snap-on 1/2-Drive DH-200 5/8 Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail, 1934.

Fig. 143 shows a 1/2-drive Snap-on Dh200 5/8 socket, marked with the Snap-on logo plus a "Pat." notice, and with a stylized "4" date code for 1934.

The original finish has been lost, but was probably a thin chrome plating.

The right inset shows the broaching opening. Although not apparent in the photograph, the walls have chatter marks typical of cold-broached construction.

Snap-on 1/2-Drive [S-180] 9/16 Deep Socket

Fig. 144. Snap-on 1/2-Drive [S-180] 9/16 Deep Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail, 1930.

Fig. 144 shows an early 1/2-drive Snap-on [S-180] 9/16 deep socket, stamped with the Snap-on logo on one side, with "0" and "*" overstruck date codes on the back side (see top inset). This early socket is not marked with a model number, but would be a model S-180 in the later numbering.

The overall height is 3.2 inches, and the finish is plain steel.

Snap-on 1/2-Drive [S-320-1/2] 1 Inch Deep Socket

Fig. 145. Snap-on 1/2-Drive [S-320 1/2] 1 Inch Deep Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail, 1931.

Fig. 145 shows an early 1/2-drive Snap-on [S-320 1/2] 1 inch deep socket, stamped with the Snap-on logo on one side with a "*" date code for 1931 on the back side. This early socket is not marked with a model number, but would be a model S-320 1/2 in the later numbering.

The overall height is 3.5 inches, and the finish is cadmium plating. (Cadmium plating was the standard finish for 1931.)

The extra "1/2" suffix to the model number was used for the S-series sockets from S-300 1/2 (15/16) and larger, although the reasons are a bit unclear. Snap-on 1/2-drive sockets from the 1920s needed an extra "1/2" suffix to avoid a model number conflict with the 5/8-drive sockets, but the S-series deep sockets weren't offered until some years later, enough time to plan ahead for model numbers.

Snap-on S-240 1/2-Drive 3/4 Deep Socket

By 1934 the deep sockets were being marked with their model numbers, as the next figure illustrates.

Fig. 146. Snap-on 1/2-Drive S-240 3/4 Deep Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail, 1934.

Fig. 146 shows a 1/2-drive Snap-on S-240 3/4 deep socket, stamped with the Snap-on logo, model number, and size on the front, with a stylized "4" date code for 1934 on the back side.

The overall height is 3.2 inches, and the finish is chrome plating with polished walls.

Snap-on 311-S-T 1/2-Drive Deep Socket Set

Fig. 147. Snap-on 311-S-T 1/2-Drive Deep Socket Set, with Insets for Top View and Marking Detail, ca. Late 1940s.

Fig. 147 shows a 1/2-drive Snap-on 311-S-T deep socket set, consisting of eleven S-series deep sockets in a metal holder. The metal holder is stamped with the Snap-on logo on the side, as shown in the middle inset.

The socket models and sizes are, from right to left, S-160 (1/2), S-180 (9/16), S-200 (5/8), S-220 (11/16), S-240 (3/4), S-260 (13/16), S-280 (7/8), S-300 1/2 (15/16), S-320 1/2 (1 Inch), S-340 1/2 (1-1/16), and S-360 1/2 (1-1/8).

The sockets are all stamped "Made in U.S.A." on the base, and the date codes range from 1945 to 1948, except for the S-240 socket from 1940.

In this later set the sockets all have the same height, approximately 3.2 inches.

Snap-on No. 412 1/2-Drive 3/8 Double-Square Socket

Fig. 148. Snap-on 1/2-Drive 412 3/8 Doule-Square Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail, 1931.

Fig. 148 shows a 1/2-drive Snap-on 412 3/8 double-square socket, marked with the Snap-on logo and a "*" date code for 1931.

The finish is cadmium plating.

Snap-on 71-NA 1/2-Drive Ratchet

Fig. 149. Snap-on 71-NA 1/2-Drive Ratchet, with Insets for Side View and Back Side Detail, 1949.

Fig. 149 shows a later 1/2-drive Snap-on 71-NA ratchet, with "Snap-on U.S.A." in raised letters forged into the shank, and with "Patent No 1854513" forged into the back side.

The overall length is 9.5 inches, and the finish is polished chrome.

This ratchet has an interesting variation for its date code, with the stylized digit "9" for 1949 appearing as a back sided raised letter. Normally the date codes are stamped into the finished tool, but in this case the code was stamped into the forging die, giving the raised and back sided form on the tool.

Snap-on 71-15 1/2-Drive Ratchet

Fig. 150. Snap-on 71-15 1/2-Drive Long-Handled Ratchet, with Insets for Marking Detail, 1940.

Fig. 150 shows a 1/2-drive Snap-on 71-15 long-handled ratchet, stamped "Made in U.S.A." and "Pat. No. 1854513" on the round shank.

The overall length is 15.0 inches, and the finish is polished chrome.

Snap-on L-710 1/2-Drive Ratchet

Fig. 151. Snap-on L-710 1/2-Drive Ratchet, with Insets for Side View and Back Side Detail, 1951.

Fig. 151 shows a Snap-on L-710 1/2-drive ratchet, marked with the Snap-on logo on the shank and "USA" on the back side.

The overall length is 10.0 inches, and the finish is polished chrome.

The back side is also marked "Pat. No. D-132891", a reference to design patent #D132,891, issued in 1942 to D. Chapman with assignment to Snap-on. The patent covers the design for the grooved and contoured handle.

Snap-on L-67 1/2-Drive Ratchet

Fig. 152. Snap-on L-67 1/2-Drive Ratchet, with Insets for Back Side and Side View, ca. Mid 1930s.

Fig. 152 shows a Snap-on L-67 1/2-drive ratchet with an unusual forged body, marked with "Snap-on" and "Kenosha, WI." forged into the handle, with "Pat. No. 2020883" and "Made in U.S.A." forged into the back side.

The overall length is 9.8 inches, and the finish is cadmium plating.

The back side marking cites patent #2,020,883, filed by G.R. Gagne in 1934 and issued in 1935.

Snap-on No. 1 1/2-Drive Offset Handle

Fig. 153. Snap-on No. 1 1/2-Drive Offset Handle, with Insets for Marking Detail, 1940.

Fig. 153 shows a 1/2-drive Snap-on No. 1 offset handle, marked "Made in U.S.A." with a date code for 1940, as shown in the insets.

The overall length is 11.6 inches, and the finish is polished chrome.

The venerable No. 1 offset handle bar was among the first tools offered by Snap-on in 1920. Examples of earlier versions of this tool include the Early Snap-on Offset Handle and 1927 Snap-on No. 1 Offset Handle. By 1929 the No. 1 handle had evolved to a form very similar to the example shown here.

Snap-on K4 1/2-Drive Speeder

Fig. 154. Snap-on K4 1/2-Drive Speeder, with Insets for Marking Detail, 1935.

Fig. 154 shows a Snap-on K4 1/2-drive speeder, marked with the Snap-on logo and a stylized "5" date code for 1935.

The speeder has a throw of 4.0 inches with an overall length of 18.8 inches. The finish is chrome plating.

During the 1920s Snap-on offered many different models of speeders and braces, but by the 1930s had standardized on a more limited selection of models. Readers interested in more information may want to refer to the section on Snap-on Early Speeders and Braces. An earlier version of this particular model can be seen as the Snap-on Early K4 Speeder.

Early Snap-on No. 10 1/2-Drive Flex-Head Handle

This next example is believed to be one of the earliest flex-head handles offered by Snap-on.

Fig. 155. Early Snap-on No. 10 1/2-Drive Flex-Head Handle, with Insets for Construction and Marking Detail, 1930.

Fig. 155 shows an early Snap-on No. 10 1/2-drive flex-head handle, stamped with "No. 10 Snap-on" and a "0" date code for 1930. The shank is also marked "Patent Applied For" near the flex head (see left inset).

The overall length is 16.3 inches, and the finish is plain steel, possibly with traces of cadmium plating.

The knurled handle has a 7/16 diameter cross-bar hole, allowing the tool to function as a Tee-handle.

The patent corresponding to the patent applied notice is not yet known, and it's possible that the patent application was denied. The design of this tool has placed the fork on the flex head, rather than at the end of the shank, probably to avoid infringing the 1920 Eagle patent #1,380,643. The flex-head appears to be using a wave-washer to control its movement, rather than a friction ball, and this might have been the subject of the patent application.

Snap-on 10-C 1/2-Drive "Nut Spinner" Flex-Head Handle

Fig. 156. Snap-on 10-C 1/2-Drive Flex-Head Handle, with Insets for Construction and Marking Detail, 1934.

Fig. 156 shows a 1/2-drive Snap-on 10-C flex-head handle, marked with the Snap-on logo and "Nut Spinner", and with a stylized "4" date code for 1934 on the back side.

The overall length is 19.1 inches, and the finish is chrome plating.

The knurled handle has a cross-bar hole and a 1/2-drive broaching in the end, allowing the tool to function as a T-handle or an extension.

Although not marked with a patent notice, this tool was covered by the (pending) patent #2,028,561, filed by E.F. Pilger in 1931 and issued in 1936. The patent describes the multi-position detent employed for the flex-head, with a spring clip to provide friction.

Some readers may have wondered about the inverted configuration of this flex handle, with the fork on the head rather than on the handle. There's an interesting story behind this, which begins in the late 1920s when Plomb Tool began offering flex handles based on a patented design (#1,380,643) using a fork on the handle. (An early Plomb flex handle can be seen as the Plomb DTH Hinge Handle.) Flex handles became popular and other makers (including Snap-on) began offering them, but generally in the alternate forked-head design, to avoid obvious patent infringement.

Some other tool makers did produce flex handles similar to the patented design, and eventually the inventor Samuel Eagle filed a patent infringement lawsuit against P&C, one of the makers using forked handles. But in a 1935 court decision, the Eagle patent was ruled invalid based on prior patented claims, and this ruling opened the way for other makers to use the design freely. Readers interested in more information on this patent case can refer to our article on P&C Hand Forged Tool Company.

Snap-on NS-15 1/2-Drive "Nut Spinner" Flex-Head Handle

Fig. 157. Snap-on NS-15 Flex-Head Handle, with Insets for Marking Detail, 1944.

Fig. 157 shows a 1/2-drive Snap-on NS-15 flex-head handle, marked "Made in U.S.A." with an stylized "E" date code for 1944, and with the "Pat. No's. 2,005,202 2,196,297 & Pat. Pend." patent notices.

The overall length is 15.6 inches, and the finish is plain steel.

The knurled handle is drilled to accept a 7/16 diameter cross-bar.

The first of the listed patents is #2,005,202, issued to E.F. Pilger in 1935. The second patent is #2,196,297, issued to G.R. Gagne in 1940.

Snap-on NS-4C 1/2-Drive "Nut Spinner" Flex-Head Speeder

Fig. 158. Snap-on NS-4C 1/2-Drive Flex-Head Speeder, with Insets for Construction and Marking Detail, 1947.

Fig. 158 shows a 1/2-drive Snap-on NS-4C flex-head speeder, marked "Made in U.S.A." with a stylized "7" date code for 1947, and with the extensive "Pat. No's. 2,005,202 2,196,297 & Pat. Pend." patent notices.

The speeder has a throw of 2.8 inches with an overall length of 17.2 inches. The finish is chrome plating.

Snap-on S-10 Sliding Tee Handle

Fig. 159. Snap-on S-10 1/2-Drive Sliding Tee Handle, with Inset for Marking Detail, 1945.

Fig. 159 shows a 1/2-drive Snap-on S-10 sliding Tee handle, marked with a "G" date code for 1945 (see inset).

The overall length is 10.1 inches, and the finish is cadmium plating.

One detail to note here is that the detent ball is secured by a serrated depressed ring, rather than the smooth ring seen on earlier tools. Some readers may have wondered about this, and it turns out to be a patented feature introduced by Snap-on in the late 1930s. The rationale is described in patent #2,216,878, filed by L.F. Densmore in 1938 and issued in 1940.

Snap-on SG-6 1/2-Drive 6 Inch Rotating-Grip Extension

Fig. 160. Snap-on SG-6 1/2-Drive 6 Inch Rotating-Grip Extension, with Insets for Marking Detail, 1930.

Fig. 160 shows a 1/2-drive Snap-on SG-6 6 inch extension with a rotating grip, stamped with the Snap-on logo and model number on the shank, with a "0" date code for 1930 on the back side.

The overall length is 6.1 inches, and the finish is chrome (or possibly nickel) plating.

Snap-on SG-12 1/2-Drive 10 Inch Rotating-Grip Extension

Fig. 161. Snap-on SG-12 1/2-Drive 10 Inch Rotating-Grip Extension, with Insets for Marking Detail, 1930.

Fig. 161 shows a 1/2-drive Snap-on SG-12 10 inch extension with a rotating grip, stamped with the Snap-on logo and model number on the shank, with a "0" date code for 1930 on the back side.

The overall length is 10.0 inches, and the finish is chrome plating.

Snap-on S-6 1/2-Drive 6 Inch Extensions

The next figures show two generations of the Snap-on S-6 extension.

Fig. 162. Snap-on S-6 1/2-Drive 6 Inch Extension, with Inset for Date Code, 1934.

Fig. 162 shows an earlier 1/2-drive Snap-on S-6 6 inch extension, marked with the Snap-on logo and a stylized "4" date code for 1934.

The overall length is 6.0 inches, and the finish is chrome plating.

Fig. 163. Snap-on S-6 1/2-Drive 6 Inch Extension, with Inset for Marking Detail, 1949.

Fig. 163 shows a later 1/2-drive Snap-on S-6 6 inch extension, marked "Made in U.S.A." with a date code for 1949.

The overall length is 6.0 inches, and the finish is chrome plating.

The detent ball on this extension shows the serrated ring described by patent #2,216,878.

Snap-on No. 8 1/2-Drive Universal

Fig. 164. Snap-on No. 8 1/2-Drive Universal, with Insets for Marking Detail, 1936.

Fig. 164 shows a 1/2-drive Snap-on No. 8 universal, marked with the Snap-on logo and a date code for 1936.

The overall length is 2.6 inches, and the finish is chrome plating.

3/8-Drive Sockets and Tools

Snap-on FU-22 3/8-Drive Universal Socket

Fig. 165. Snap-on Fu-22 3/8-Drive Universal Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail, 1940.

Fig. 165 shows a 3/8-drive Snap-on FU-22 11/16 universal socket, stamped "Made in U.S.A." and "Pat. 2,005,202" on the socket walls. The base is stamped with the Snap-on logo and model, plus a stylized "0" date code for 1940.

The finish is chrome plating.

The patent listed on the socket is #2,005,202, issued to E.F. Pilger in 1935. The patent describes a mechanism for controlled friction in universal joints.

Snap-on F-17 3/8-Drive Half-Speeder

Fig. 166. Snap-on F-17 3/8-Drive Half-Speeder, with Insets for Marking Detail, 1931.

Fig. 166 shows a 3/8-drive Snap-on F-17 half-speeder, a tool designed for rapidly spinning nuts with one hand.

The shank is stamped with the Snap-on logo and model number, with a "*" date code symbol for 1931.

The overall length is 13.9 inches, and the finish is cadmium plating. (Cadmium plating was Snap-on's standard finish in 1931.)

Snap-on F-4-D 3/8-Drive Speeder

Fig. 167. Snap-on F-4-D 3/8-Drive Speeder, with Insets for Marking Detail, 1945.

Fig. 167 shows a 3/8-drive Snap-on F-4-D speeder, stamped "Ferret" with the Snap-on logo and model number, and with a "G" date code symbol for 1945.

The overall length is 17.4 inches, and the finish is plain steel, with some pitting due to rust.

Snap-on Ferret F-10-B 3/8-Drive Flex-Head Handle

Fig. 168. Snap-on Ferret F-10-B 3/8-Drive Flex-Head Handle, with Insets for Construction and Marking Detail, 1940.

Fig. 168 shows a 3/8-drive Snap-on Ferret F-10-B flex-head breaker bar, marked "Made in U.S.A." with a stylized "0" date code for 1940, and with the extensive "Pat. No's. 2,196,297 2,028,561 & Pat. Pend." patent notices.

The overall length is 9.0 inches, and the finish is chrome plating.

The first patent listed on the tool is #2,196,297, issued to G.R. Gagne in 1940. This patent describes a mechanism to provide controlled friction in universal joints, and since the flex head of a breaker bar is similar to one half of a universal joint, the patent applies here as well.

The second patent noted is the 1936 Pilger #2,028,561, describing the use of multiple detents on a flexible head. But this patent marking seems a bit overzealous, as the flex head on this breaker bar doesn't include any detents at all.

Snap-on F-71-C 3/8-Drive Short-Handled Ratchet

Fig. 169. Snap-on F-71C 3/8-Drive Short-Handled Ratchet, with Insets for Back Side and Side View, 1953.

Fig. 169 shows a 3/8-drive Snap-on F-71C short-handled ratchet, stamped with the Snap-on logo and model on the shank, with "Pat. D-132891" and "U.S.A." on the back side. The face also has a stylized "3" date code below the shift lever.

The overall length is 4.9 inches, and the finish is chrome plating, with extensive losses due to rust and pitting.

The patent notice refers to design patent #D132,891, issued to D. Chapman in 1942 with assignment to Snap-on.

Snap-on (Industrial) PF-87 3/8-Drive Open-Style Ratchets

The next two figures show examples of an open-style ratchet believed to have been part of Snap-on's line of industrial tools.

Fig. 170. Snap-on (Industrial) PF-87 Open-Sytle Ratchet, with Insets for Back Side and Side View, 1953.

Fig. 170 shows a 3/8-drive Snap-on PF-87 open-style ratchet, stamped with the Snap-on logo and "Made in U.S.A." on the shank, with the model number on the back side. The shank is also stamped with a stylized "3" date code for 1953.

The overall length is 6.5 inches, and the finish is plain steel, possibly with traces of cadmium plating.

The PF-87 ratchet was offered over an extended period of time, from the 1930s (or possibly earlier) through the 1960s or later. Currently we are not very familiar with Snap-on's Industrial line due to a lack of catalogs.

Fig. 171. Snap-on (Industrial) PF-87 Open-Sytle Ratchet, with Insets for Back Side and Side View, 1963.

Fig. 171 shows a later 3/8-drive Snap-on PF-87 open-style ratchet, stamped with the Snap-on logo and "USA" wrapping around the shank, with the model number and a stylized date code for 1963 below (see composite inset).

The overall length is 6.5 inches, and the finish is plain steel, with pitting due to rust.

The PF-87 ratchet was offered over an extended period of time, from the 1930s (or possibly earlier) through the 1960s or later. Currently we are not very familiar with Snap-on's Industrial line due to a lack of catalogs.

Legacy Drive Sizes: 5/8-Drive and 7/8-Drive

During the 1920s Snap-on's 5/8-drive and 7/8-drive tools had played an important role as the company's two largest drive sizes. However, early in the 1930s it became apparent that these drive sizes would no longer be sufficient for the demands of the time, and both sizes were discontinued. The 5/8 and 7/8 drive sizes were superseded by 3/4-drive and 1 inch drive, respectively, and Snap-on also added a 1-1/2 inch "Jumbo" drive line for the really difficult jobs.

In this section we'll look at a few examples of the late production of 5/8-drive and 7/8-drive tools.

Snap-on 5/8-Drive No. 400 1-1/4 Hex Socket

Fig. 172. Snap-on 5/8-Drive No. 400 1-1/4 Hex Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail, 1930.

Fig. 172 shows a 5/8-drive Snap-on No. 400 1-1/4 hex socket, stamped with the model, Snap-on logo, and fractional size on one side, and with both "0" and "*" date codes on the back side (see upper right inset).

The finish is cadmium plating.

Snap-on 5/8-Drive Dh310 31/32 Double-Hex Socket

Fig. 173. Snap-on 5/8-Drive DH-310 31/32 Double-Hex Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail, 1930.

Fig. 173 shows a 5/8-drive Snap-on DH-310 31/32 double-hex socket, stamped with the model, Snap-on logo, and size, and with a "0" date code for 1930 on the back side (see lower right inset).

The finish is nickel plating.

Snap-on 5/8-Drive [DH-]440 1-3/8 Inch Socket

Fig. 174. Snap-on 5/8-Drive [DH-]440 1-3/8 Double-Hex Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Date Code, 1930.

Fig. 174 shows a 5/8-drive Snap-on [DH-]440 1-3/8 socket with a double-hex broaching, stamped with the model, Snap-on logo, and size, and with a "0" date code for 1930 on the back side (see upper right inset). Note that this example is missing the "DH-" prefix to the model number, though it's obviously a double-hex socket.

The finish is nickel plating.

Snap-on 5/8-Drive [DH-480] 1-1/2 Socket

Fig. 175. Snap-on 5/8-Drive [DH-480] 1-1/2 Double-Hex Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Date Code, 1930.

Fig. 175 shows a 5/8-drive Snap-on [DH-480] 1-1/2 socket with a double-hex broaching, marked with the Snap-on logo and size, and with a "0" date code for 1930 on the back side (see upper right inset). This socket is not marked with a model number, but the catalogs identify it as a model DH-480.

The finish is cadmium plating.

Snap-on [HD-5] 5/8-Drive Sliding Tee Handle

Fig. 176. Snap-on [HD-5] 5/8-Drive Slding Tee Handle, with Insets for Marking Detail, 1932.

Fig. 176 shows a 5/8-drive Snap-on [HD-5] sliding Tee handle, stamped with the Snap-on logo and a date code symbol for 1932. Although not marked with a model number, this tool was listed as the HD-5 in the catalogs.

The overall length is 18.0 inches, and the finish is plain steel.

This tool is very similar to the earlier version of the Snap-on HD-5 Slidign Tee Handle shown in a prior article. The 1932 date code on this example makes it one of the last tools of its type, as 5/8-drive had become obsolete with the introduction of 3/4-drive in 1931.

Snap-on HD-6 5/8-Drive 8 Inch Extension

Fig. 177. Snap-on HD-6 5/8-Drive 8 Inch Extension, with Inset for Back Side Detail, 1935.

Fig. 177 shows a 5/8-drive Snap-on HD-6 8 inch extension, stamped with the Sna nd -on logo, and with a stylized "5" date code for 1935 on the back side.

The overall length is 8.1 inches, and the finish is plain steel.

The 1935 production date for this extension is quite late for 5/8-drive tools.

Snap-on 7/8-Drive [XHD-440] 1-3/8 Hex Socket

Fig. 178. Snap-on 7/8-Drive [XHD-440] 1-3/8 Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail, 1931.

Fig. 178 shows a 7/8-drive Snap-on [XHD-440] 1-3/8 hex socket, marked with the Snap-on logo and fractional size, and with a "*" date code symbol for 1931 on the back side (see upper right inset). This example is not marked with a model number, but was listed as a model XHD-440 socket in the catalogs.

The finish is plain steel with traces of cadmium plating.

This socket is very similar to the 7/8-drive sockets produced in the 1920s, as for example the Snap-on XHD-760 Socket.

Snap-on 7/8-Drive [XHD-560] 1-3/4 Hex Socket

Fig. 179. Snap-on 7/8-Drive [XHD-560] 1-3/4 Hex Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Date Code, 1930.

Fig. 179 shows a 7/8-drive Snap-on [XHD-560] 1-3/4 socket, marked with the Snap-on logo and a "0" date code for 1930 (see upper right inset). Although this example is not marked with a model number, the catalog referred to this as a model XHD-560 socket.

The finish is nickel plating.

This socket is very similar to the 7/8-drive sockets produced in the 1920s, as for example the Snap-on XHD-760 Socket.

Snap-on 7/8-Drive [XHD-600] 1-7/8 Inch Socket

Fig. 180. Snap-on 7/8-Drive [XHD-600] 1-7/8 Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Date Code, 1930.

Fig. 180 shows a 7/8-drive Snap-on [XHD-600] 1-7/8 socket, marked with the Snap-on logo and a "0" date code for 1930 (see upper right inset). Although this example is not marked with a model number, the catalog referred to this as a model XHD-600 socket.

The finish is nickel plating.

This socket is very similar to the 7/8-drive sockets produced in the 1920s, as for example the Snap-on XHD-760 Socket.

Snap-on 7/8-Drive XHD-6 8 Inch Extension

Fig. 181. Snap-on 7/8-Drive XHD-6 Extension, with Inset for Date Code, 1930.

Fig. 181 shows a 7/8-drive Snap-on XHD-6 8 inch extension, marked with the Snap-on logo and a "0" date code for 1930.

The overall length is 8.0 inches, and the finish is nickel plating, with losses due to rust and wear.

Snap-on 7/8-Drive XHD-12 16 Inch Extension

Fig. 182. Snap-on 7/8-Drive XHD-12 Extension, with Insets for Marking Detail, 1930.

Fig. 182 shows a 7/8-drive Snap-on XHD-12 16 inch extension, stamped on the shank with the Snap-on logo and a "0" date code for 1930.

The overall length is 16.0 inches. The finish is nickel plating, darkened by rust and with some loss due to wear.

3/4-Drive Sockets and Tools

Snap-on introduced its 3/4-drive tools in the early 1930s as a stronger replacement for the older 5/8-drive line. The first standard Snap-on catalog to list 3/4-drive tools was catalog "I" of 1932, but the 3/4-drive line was actually introduced in a 1931 supplement to catalog "H". The supplemental catalog offered 3/4-drive sockets in standard hex, standard double-hex, extra deep hex, and double-square styles, plus a modest selection of drive tools. Snap-on referred to the 3/4-drive tools as the "Heavy Duty" line, as the older 5/8-drive tools had been called.

The initial drive tools consisted of a No. 112 "Nut Spinner" flex-head handle with cross-bar, a No. 52 sliding Tee bar, a No. 72 forged-handle ratchet with a push-through drive plug, a No. 62 8 inch extension, and a No. 122 16 inch extension. The socket models offered were the hex series models 302 (15/16) through 642 (2 Inch), the double-hex models DH-302 (15/16) through DH-642 (2 Inch), the extra deep hex models S-302 (15/16), S-342 (1-1/16), and S-402 (1-1/4), and the double-square models 628 (7/8) to 646 (1-7/16).

Although the early No. 72 ratchet used the same forged handle design as the HD-7 5/8-drive ratchet, by 1932 Snap-on had introduced a new No. 72-Y ratchet head with a removable handle, sharing the handle bar with the No. 52 sliding Tee. This early introduction of the ratchet head and shared handle bar brought a significant innovation to heavy-duty drive tools. Up until this point all Snap-on ratchets had been made with integral forged handles, but for heavy-duty tools this greatly increased the weight and cost of the unit. Snap-on's removable handle bars made significant savings of weight and cost, and allowed them to offer practical sets of heavy-duty tools.

The No. 112 "Nut Spinner" flex-head handle initially included an integral handle with a cross-bar hole, but it later evolved into the L-112 flex-head adapter, sharing the handle bar with the ratchet head and sliding Tee head.

Snap-on Early No. 204-B 3/4-Drive Socket Set

We'll begin this section with a very early No. 204-B socket set from 1930, believed to be one of the first 3/4-drive socket sets manufactured by Snap-on. The No. 204-B set was first announced in 1931 in a supplement to the 1931 catalog "H", but our example actually dates to late 1930, based on the consistent date codes on the tools.

Fig. 183. Snap-on Early No. 204-B 3/4-Drive Socket Set, 1930.

Fig. 183 shows a Snap-on No. 204-B 3/4-drive socket set in its metal case, consisting of a No. 52 sliding Tee handle, No. 62 8 inch extension, No. 122 16 inch extension, and eight hex sockets.

The socket sizes and models are, from the right, 31/32 (No. 312), 1 inch (No. 322), 1-1/16 (No. 342), 1-1/8 (No. 362), 1-1/4 (No. 402), 1-3/8 (No. 422), 1-7/16 (No. 462), and 1-1/2 (no model). The sockets are marked with the Snap-on logo, model, and fractional size, and all of the sockets are stamped with a "0" date code for 1930. The finish is cadmium plating.

All of the tools and sockets in the set are stamped with a "0" date code for 1930, except for the short (No. 62) extension. The No. 62 extension has a stylized "4" date code for 1934, making it a replacement from a few years later.

Fig. 184. Top Cover of Snap-on Early No. 204-B Socket Set, 1930.

Fig. 184 shows the top cover of the Snap-on No. 204-B socket set, illustrating the leather carrying handle and brass identification plate. The plate is marked "Genuine Snap-On Socket Wrenches" with "Mfg. by Snap-on Wrench Company" and "Milwaukee, Wis." near the bottom.

The sturdy metal box has dimensions 18.6 inches wide by 4.7 inches deep by 2.6 inches high. The box has been refinished with orange paint by a former owner, but a few patches of the original black paint can be seen.

The catalog specifications for the 204-B set provide a No. 52 sliding Tee handle, a No. 62 8 inch extension, a No. 122 16 inch extension, and eight hex sockets with sizes 15/16, 31/32, 1 inch, 1-1/16, 1-1/8, 1-1/4, 1-3/8, and 1-7/16, all furnished in a sturdy metal case. (The "-B" suffix to the model number indicates a metal box.) Alternatively, the tools and sockets could be ordered without the box as a No. 204 set. Based on the catalog description, our set as acquired was missing the 15/16 (No. 302) socket and had an extra 1-1/2 socket.

Several similar 3/4-drive sets were offered in the same 1931 supplement to catalog "H". The No. 36 set included the same socket sizes but with DH-series double-hex broachings, and with a No. 112 "Nut Spinner" handle replacing the sliding Tee and extensions. The No. 203[-B] sets were identical to the No. 204[-B] models, but provided DH-series double-hex sockets. And finally, the Nos. 213[-B] and 214[-B] sets added a No. 72 ratchet to the Nos. 203[-B] and 204[-B] models, respectively.

Snap-on No. 52 3/4-Drive Sliding Tee Handle

Fig. 185. Snap-on No. 52 3/4-Drive Sliding Tee Handle, with Insets for Marking Detail, 1930.

Fig. 185 shows the Snap-on No. 52 3/4-drive sliding Tee handle from the early 204-B set, stamped with the Snap-on logo and model on the sliding head, with a "0" date code for 1930 on the back side.

The overall length is 18.3 inches, and the diameter of the bar is 0.87 inches (7/8 nominal). The finish is plain steel.

The drive stud is equipped with two detent balls backed by a very stiff spring.

This sliding Tee handle is probably one of the first 3/4-drive tools produced by Snap-on, as the 1930 date code places it before even the 1931 catalog supplement that announced the 3/4-drive size. This tool was acquired as part of the Snap-on Early No. 204-B Socket Set dated to 1930.

Snap-on No. 122 3/4-Drive 16 Inch Extension

Fig. 186. Snap-on No. 122 3/4-Drive 16 Inch Extension, with Insets for Marking Detail, 1930.

Fig. 186 shows the 3/4-drive Snap-on No. 122 16 inch extension from the early 204-B set, stamped with the Snap-on logo and model number on the shank, with a "0" date code for 1930 on the back side.

The overall length is 16.2 inches, and the finish is cadmium plating, with losses due to wear.

The drive stud is equipped with two detent balls backed by a very stiff spring.

This extension was acquired as part of the Snap-on Early No. 204-B Socket Set dated to 1930.

Snap-on No. 362 3/4-Drive 1-1/8 Hex Socket

Fig. 187. Snap-on No. 362 3/4-Drive 1-1/8 Hex Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail, 1930.

Fig. 187 shows the 3/4-drive Snap-on No. 362 1-1/8 socket from the Early No. 204-B Socket Set, stamped with the model number and Snap-on logo on the front, with a "0" date code for 1930 on the back side.

The finish is cadmium plating.

Snap-on No. 62 3/4-Drive 8 Inch Extension

Fig. 188. Snap-on No. 62 3/4-Drive 8 Inch Extension, with Inset for Date Code, 1931.

Fig. 188 shows an early 3/4-drive Snap-on No. 62 8 inch extension, marked with the Snap-on logo and a "*" date code for 1931.

The overall length is 8.2 inches, and the finish is plain steel.

The drive stud is equipped with two detent balls backed by a very stiff spring.

The 1931 date code on this extension demonstrates that the 3/4-drive line was available in 1931. Previously we believed that this extension was one of the oldest Snap-on 3/4-drive tools; however, since then an entire set of 3/4-drive tools with 1930 date codes has been acquired.

Early Snap-on [DH-582] 3/4-Drive 1-13/16 Socket

Fig. 189. Early Snap-on DH-582 3/4-Drive 1-13/16 Socket, with Inset for Broaching, ca. 1931.

Fig. 189 shows an example of an early 3/4-drive socket, a Snap-on [DH-582] 1-13/16 double-hex socket, marked with the Snap-on logo and fractional size. Although no date code marking was found, the socket is likely from 1931 or early 1932, based on the plain steel or possibly cadmium finish.

The right inset shows the cold-broached socket construction. Note the machined recess below the broached area and the chatter marks plainly visible on the walls.

Snap-on DH-442 3/4-Drive 1-3/8 Socket

Fig. 190. Snap-on DH-442 3/4-Drive 1-3/8 Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail, 1933.

Fig. 190 shows a 3/4-drive Snap-on DH-442 1-3/8 socket, marked with the Snap-on logo and a "Pat. No. 1424069" patent notice, and with a date code symbol for 1933 (see lower inset).

The right inset shows the cold-broached socket construction. Note the machined recess below the broached area and the chatter marks plainly visible on the walls.

Snap-on DH-xx2 3/4-Drive Sockets

Fig. 191. Snap-on DH-xx2 3/4-Drive Sockets, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail, 1934.

Fig. 191 shows a composite photograph of two 3/4-drive Snap-on DH-xx2 sockets. Both sockets are marked with the Snap-on logo and a "Pat. No. 1424069" patent notice, and have a stylized "4" date code for 1934 (see lower inset).

The models and sizes are DH-342 (1-1/16) on the left and DH-402 (1-1/4) on the right.

The right inset shows the cold-broached socket construction with a machined recess below the broached area. Some chatter marks are visible on the walls, though less apparent than in the previous figure.

Snap-on DH-382 3/4-Drive 1-3/16 Socket

Fig. 192. Snap-on DH-382 3/4-Drive 1-3/16 Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail, 1934.

Fig. 192 shows a 3/4-drive Snap-on DH-382 1-3/8 socket, marked with the Snap-on logo and a "Pat. No. 1424069" patent notice, and with a stylized "4" date code for 1934 (see lower inset).

The upper right inset shows the cold-broached socket construction with a machined recess below the broached area.

"LOXOCKET" Locking Sockets and the LDH Series

In 1935 Snap-on made a significant change in its line of 3/4-drive tools with the introduction of sockets with release buttons, for use with locking drive studs. Drive studs with locking pins had been introduced previously, but the addition of a push-button release made the tools much more convenient to use.

The system of locking pins and release buttons adopted by Snap-on was based on the "Lock-On" patents developed by Blackhawk Manufacturing. (Readers interested in background information will find extensive coverage in our article on Blackhawk Lock-On Tools.) Snap-on didn't adopt all aspects of Blackhawk's system, but they did license the patent #RE19287 covering the release buttons, and references to this patent will be found marked on sockets up through the late 1940s. In 1938 Snap-on coined the trademark "LOXOCKET" for the sockets with release buttons, although the trademark wasn't registered until much later.

The addition of release buttons was also the occasion for other changes to the 3/4-drive socket line. Of the four socket styles initially offered in 1931 (hex, double-hex, extra deep hex, and double-square), only two remained in production for later years. The DH-xx2 series of double-hex sockets became the LDH-xx2 Loxocket series, but with straight walls instead of the earlier tapered design, and the S-xx2 series of extra deep sockets became the LS-xx2 Loxocket series. The hex socket series (models 302 to 642) was discontinued after 1934, but the double-square sockets apparently saw limited production in 1935 in the Loxocket line, but afterwards were discontinued. The double-square Loxockets are not known to have been listed in any Snap-on catalog, but a couple of examples from 1935 have been discovered. (See for example the Snap-on L-632 Double-Square Socket.)

The figures below will show the development of the LDH Loxocket series, with numerous small changes to the markings as well as incremental improvements to the construction. The initial design included a band of parallel knurling around the socket, with the model number, Snap-on logo, and socket size stamped below the band. Other markings such as patent and trademark notices were not very standardized though, and these markings will be found in different places.

The standard finish for the LDH series was chrome plating, with the upper walls highly polished and a flat or matte finish to the socket base and knurled band.

Snap-on LDH-482 3/4-Drive 1-1/2 Socket

Fig. 193. Snap-on LDH-482 3/4-Drive 1-1/2 Socket, with Insets for Drive End and Broaching, 1935.

Fig. 193 shows an early 3/4-drive Snap-on LDH-482 1-1/2 socket, marked with the Snap-on logo and a stylized "5" date code for 1935 (see lower inset).

The left inset shows the drive end of the socket. Note the notch cut on the side with the release button, which helps to depress the locking pin when inserting a drive stud.

The socket construction appears to be cold-broached, with a machined recess below the broached area and some chatter marks visible on the walls.

This socket was acquired as part of an L-225 Socket Set dating to early 1936, which is described in a later figure.

Snap-on LDH-322 3/4-Drive 1 Inch Socket

Fig. 194. Snap-on LDH-322 3/4-Drive 1 Inch Socket, with Insets for Drive End and Broaching, 1936.

Fig. 194 shows an early 3/4-drive Snap-on LDH-322 1 inch socket, stamped with the Snap-on logo and a stylized "6" date code for 1936 (see lower inset), and with "Loxocket Trademark" on the drive end.

The left inset shows the drive end of the socket. Note the notch cut on the side with the release button, which helps to depress the locking pin when inserting a drive stud.

The right inset shows the socket construction, with a machined recess visible below the broached area.

This socket is currently our earliest example of the "Loxocket" trademark marking, and its 1936 production date is two years earlier than the first use date in the trademark filing.

Snap-on LDH-522 3/4-Drive 1-5/8 Socket

Fig. 195. Snap-on LDH-522 3/4-Drive 1-5/8 Socket, with Insets for Drive End and Broaching, 1937.

Fig. 195 shows a 3/4-drive Snap-on LDH-522 1-5/8 socket, stamped with the Snap-on logo and a stylized "7" date code for 1937 (see lower inset), and with "Loxocket Trademark" on the drive end.

The left inset shows the drive end of the socket. Note the notch cut on the side with the release button, which helps to depress the locking pin when inserting a drive stud.

The right inset shows the socket construction with a machined recess below the broached area, as we saw in the previous example. A careful look shows a few burrs at the end of the broached area, though the walls are quite smooth and relatively free of chatter marks.

Snap-on LDH-462 3/4-Drive 1-7/16 Socket

Fig. 196. Snap-on LDH-462 3/4-Drive 1-7/16 Socket, with Insets for Drive End and Broaching, 1939.

Fig. 196 shows a similar socket made a few years later than the previous example, a 3/4-drive Snap-on LDH-462 1-7/16 socket, marked with the Snap-on logo and a stylized "9" date code for 1939 (see lower inset).

The left inset shows the drive end of the socket, stamped with "Loxocket Trademark", Snap-on's registered trademark for the release button feature. The rounded notch on the side with the release button helps to depress the locking pin when inserting a drive stud.

The right inset shows the socket construction with a machined recess below the broached area, as we saw in the previous examples. In this case though, the broached walls are very smooth and free of chatter marks.

Snap-on LDH-422-A 3/4-Drive 1-5/16 Socket

The next several figures show the more extensive markings appearing on later LDH sockets. The markings tended to move around depending on the size of the socket.

Fig. 197. Snap-on LDH-422-A 3/4-Drive 1-5/16 Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail, 1940.

Fig. 197 shows a 3/4-drive Snap-on LDH-422-A 1-5/16 socket with markings on the base and below the knurled band. The base is stamped "Made in U.S.A." next to the release button, as seen in the lower left inset. The model number and Snap-on logo are stamped below the knurled band, as seen in the main photograph, followed by the size (not shown) and a "Lic. Reissue Pat. 19287" patent notice, seen in the lower right inset. Finally, the stylized "0" date code for 1940 appears to the right of the patent notice.

The upper right inset shows the socket construction with a machined recess below the broached area.

This is our earliest LDH series socket marked for patent #RE19287, issued in 1934 to Blackhawk Manufacturing. The patent covers the use of locking pins and release buttons for sockets. Since Snap-on started offering the release button feature in late 1935, it's not clear why they waited until 1940 to acknowledge the patent.

Snap-on LDH-402 3/4-Drive 1-1/4 Socket

Fig. 198. Snap-on LDH-402 3/4-Drive 1-1/4 Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail, 1942.

Fig. 198 shows a 3/4-drive Snap-on LDH-402 1-1/4 socket, with extensive markings on the base and below the knurled band. The base is stamped "Trademark Loxocket" and "Made in USA" next to the release button, as can be seen in the upper left corner of the main photograph. Further around the base is a the patent notice "Lic. Reissue Pat. No. 19287", as shown in the lower left inset.

Finally, the model number, Snap-on logo, and size are stamped below the knurled band, with the stylized "2" date code on the opposite side (see lower right inset).

The upper right inset shows the socket construction with a machined recess below the broached area.

Snap-on LDH-462 3/4-Drive 1-7/16 Socket, Wartime Production

The next several figures show sockets marked for Snap-on, but with a different design and made using a hot-forged construction technique. These are believed to be wartime production with socket blanks produced by Wright Tool and Forge.

Fig. 199. Snap-on LDH-442 3/4-Drive 1-3/8 Socket, with Inset for Broaching, ca. 1942-1945.

Fig. 199 shows an unusual 3/4-drive Snap-on LDH-442 1-3/8 socket with a different design, notable for the tapered shoulder and hot-forged construction. The socket is stamped on the side with the Snap-on logo and "Made in USA", plus "Lic. Reissue" and "Pat. No. 19287". Although not visible in the photograph, the socket is fitted with a standard "Loxocket" release button.

The finish is plain steel, possibly originally with cadmium plating.

The inset shows the interior of the socket to illustrate the hot-forged construction. In the hot-forging process a slug of heated metal is forced into a die, simultaneously forming the double-hex service opening and the square drive opening.

The plain finish and unusual construction of this socket likely indicate production during the 1942-1945 wartime years. This socket closely resembles the production by Wright Tool and Forge, suggesting that Wright may have supplied the socket blank to Snap-on.

Snap-on LDH-462 3/4-Drive 1-7/16 Socket, Wartime Production

Fig. 200. Snap-on LDH-462 3/4-Drive 1-7/16 Socket, with Inset for Broaching, ca. 1942-1945.

Fig. 200 shows another example with a tapered shoulder and hot-forged construction, a 3/4-drive Snap-on LDH-462 1-7/16 socket. The socket is stamped on the side with the Snap-on logo and "Made in USA", plus "Lic. Reissue" and "Pat. No. 19287".

The finish is cadmium plating.

The inset shows the interior of the socket to illustrate the hot-forged construction. In the hot-forging process a slug of heated metal is forced into a die, simultaneously forming the double-hex service opening and the square drive opening.

The cadmium finish and unusual construction of this socket likely indicate production during the 1942-1945 wartime years. This socket closely resembles the production by Wright Tool and Forge, suggesting that Wright may have supplied the socket blank to Snap-on.

Snap-on LDH-482 3/4-Drive 1-1/2 Socket, Wartime Production

Fig. 201. Snap-on LDH-482 3/4-Drive 1-1/2 Socket, with Inset for Broaching, ca. 1942-1945.

Fig. 201 shows another example of the unusual hot-forged 3/4-drive sockets, a Snap-on LDH-482 1-1/2 socket, stamped on the side with the Snap-on logo and "Made in USA", plus "Lic. Reissue" and "Pat. No. 19287".

The finish is cadmium plating.

The inset shows the interior of the socket to illustrate the hot-forged construction. In the hot-forging process a slug of heated metal is forced into a die, simultaneously forming the double-hex service opening and the square drive opening.

The cadmium finish and unusual construction of this socket likely indicate production during the 1942-1945 wartime years. This socket closely resembles the production by Wright Tool and Forge, suggesting that Wright may have supplied the socket blank to Snap-on.

Snap-on LDH-562 3/4-Drive 1-3/4 Socket

Fig. 202. Snap-on LDH-562 3/4-Drive 1-3/4 Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail, 1947.

Fig. 202 shows a 3/4-drive Snap-on LDH-562 1-3/4 socket with extensive markings, all stamped below the knurled band. The markings are, from left to right, the Snap-on logo, the size, the model number, a stylized "7" date code for 1947, "Made in U.S.A.", a "Lic. Reissue Pat. 19287" patent notice, and "Loxocket Trade Mark".

The right inset shows the socket construction with a machined recess below the broached area.

Snap-on LDH-502 3/4-Drive 1-9/16 Socket, Hot-Broached Construction

In the late 1940s Snap-on updated its socket production to use a hot-broaching method that created a distinctive ring of displaced metal. Similar production methods had been used by Duro Metal Products, Plomb, and other companies for some years, and likely resulted in both lower costs as well as stronger sockets. The new socket style can be easily recognized by the annular shelf at the bottom of the broached area.

The transition was made in 1947, at least for the 3/4-drive sockets, as examples of both production styles can be found for this year.

Fig. 203. Snap-on LDH-502 3/4-Drive 1-9/16 Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail, 1947.

Fig. 203 shows a 3/4-drive Snap-on LDH-502 1-9/16 socket, stamped with the model, Snap-on logo, and size below the knurled band, and with a stylized "7" date code for 1947 on the back side (see lower inset). The base is stamped with a "Lic. Reissue Pat. 19287" patent notice, followed by "Loxocket Trademark" with "Made in U.S.A." on the bottom line.

The right inset shows the hot-broached construction with an annular ring of displaced metal. The change in the broaching method can be seen easily by comparison with the Snap-on LDH-562 Socket in the previous figure, also of 1947 production.

Snap-on LDH-312 3/4-Drive 31/32 Socket, Hot-Broached Construction

Fig. 204. Snap-on LDH-312 3/4-Drive 31/32 Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail, 1948.

Fig. 204 shows another example of the post-1947 hot-broached construction, a 3/4-drive Snap-on LDH-312 31/32 socket. The socket base is stamped "Lic Reissue Pat 19287" and "Loxocket Trademark", with "Made in U.S.A." at the bottom. The remaining markings are stamped around the circumference below the knurled band, beginning with the LDH-312 model, Snap-on logo, 31/32 size, and the stylized "8" date code for 1948 (see upper inset).

The right inset shows the hot-broached construction, with the shelf of displaced metal clearly visible below the broaching.

Snap-on LDH-642 3/4-Drive 2 Inch Socket, Hot-Broached Construction

The knurled-band style of LDH sockets remained in production until at least 1951, as the next figure illustrates.

Fig. 205. Snap-on LDH-642 3/4-Drive 2 Inch Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail, 1951.

Fig. 205 shows a 3/4-drive LDH-642 2 inch socket, with extensive markings shown in the main photograph and composite lower inset. The markings are, from left to right, the Snap-on logo, the size "2", the LDH-642 model, "USA", a "Lic. Reissue Pat. 19287" patent notice, "Loxocket Trade Mark", and a rounded "I" date code for 1951. (The date code appears in the main photograph, to the left of the Snap-on logo.)

The right inset shows the details of the hot-broached construction. An annular ring of displaced metal can be seen clearly below the broached area.

Other 3/4-Drive Loxockets

In addition to the well-known LDH-series sockets, Snap-on also produced 3/4-drive sockets in other (non-impact) configurations. The LS-series were deep sockets with a hex (6-point) broaching, and were offered in sizes up to 1-5/8. A number of specialty sockets for applications such as ball joint service were also made.

Snap-on L-628 3/4-Drive 1 Inch Double-Square Socket

The next two figure show examples of 3/4-drive Loxockets with double-square (8-point) broachings, both produced around the same time (1935) that the LDH series was first introduced.

Fig. 206. Snap-on L-628 3/4-Drive 7/8 Double-Square Socket, with Insets for Drive End and Broaching, 1935.

Fig. 206 shows a 3/4-drive L-628 7/8 double-square socket, marked with the model number, Snap-on logo, and size, and with a stylized "5" date code for 1935 (see lower inset).

The finish is a thin chrome plating, mostly intact but with minor losses due to wear and use.

The left inset shows the drive end with a sloping notch by the release button, intended to help insert the drive stud. This type of square notch is seen only on the very early Loxocket production; later sockets have a rounded indentation.

The right inset shows the double-square broaching. The broached area is undercut with a machined recess, and the walls show chatter marks associated with the cold broaching process.

Snap-on L-632 3/4-Drive 1 Inch Double-Square Socket

Fig. 207. Snap-on L-632 3/4-Drive 1 Inch Double-Square Socket, with Insets for Drive End and Broaching, 1935.

Fig. 207 shows a 3/4-drive L-632 1 inch double-square socket, marked with the model number, Snap-on logo, and size, and with a stylized "5" date code for 1935 (see lower inset).

The original finish was a thin chrome plating, but most has been lost to rust or corrosion, leaving a pitted surface texture.

The left inset shows the drive end with a sloping notch by the release button, intended to help insert the drive stud. This type of square notch is seen only on the very early Loxocket production; later sockets have a rounded indentation.

The right inset shows the double-square broaching. The broached area is undercut with a machined recess, and the walls show chatter marks associated with the cold broaching process.

Snap-on LS-322 3/4-Drive 1 Inch Deep Hex Socket

Fig. 208. Snap-on LS-322 3/4-Drive 1 Inch Deep Hex Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail, 1951.

Fig. 208 shows a 3/4-drive LS-322 1 inch deep hex socket, marked with the model number, Snap-on logo, and size, and with the stylized "rocking I" date code for 1951 (see upper inset).

The socket height is 3.4 inches, and the finish is chrome plating.

Snap-on Early L-52 3/4-Drive Sliding Tee Handle with 7/8 Bar

From the early 1930s onward Snap-on designed its larger drive tools with removable and interchangeable handles. This offered a number of advantages, the foremost being a reduction in the weight and cost. Other benefits included easier storage when disassembled, and the ability to use a longer handle when needed for leverage.

The accessory heads for the handles included a ratchet, a sliding Tee head, and a flex head. We'll see examples of these in the next several figures.

Fig. 209. Snap-on L-52 3/4-Drive Sliding Tee Handle, with Insets for Marking Detail, 1936.

Fig. 209 shows an early 3/4-drive Snap-on L-52 sliding Tee handle, consisting of an L-52 sliding Tee head with an unmarked [72-H] handle bar. The sliding head is stamped with Snap-on logo and model number, with a stylized "6" date code for 1936.

The overall length is 21.5 inches, and the finish is chrome plating.

The handle bar is fitted with a spring-loaded locking pin visible at the left end, with a fixed stop ball at the opposite end (not shown). This early handle bar was listed in the catalogs as model 72-H and has a 7/8 nominal diameter (0.87 measured), significantly larger than the 13/16 diameter used for the later L-72H handles. (This difference in the diameters is significant in that the later L-52B sliding heads won't fit on an earlier bar, a fact we were not aware of until this tool was acquired.) The early handle bars are also somewhat longer than the L-72H models, 21.5 inches instead of the later 20 inch length.

A review of catalogs (with the help of another Snap-on collector) suggests that the L-52B heads and 13/16 diameter L-72H handle bars were probably introduced in 1943. Based on available date-coded examples, the change to smaller diameter had definitely occurred by 1944. If any readers have information to further refine the cross-over date, please send us your observations.

Although not originally acquired with the set, this sliding Tee handle was made in the same year as the 1936 L-225 Socket Set described in a later figure.

Snap-on L-52-BH 3/4-Drive Sliding Tee Handle with 13/16 Bar

Fig. 210. Snap-on L-52-BH 3/4-Drive Sliding Tee Handle, with Inset for Marking Detail, 1946.

Fig. 210 shows a somewhat later 3/4-drive Snap-on L-52-BH sliding Tee handle, consisting of an L-52B sliding Tee head with an L-72H handle bar. Both pieces are marked "Made in U.S.A" with the Snap-on logo.

The overall length is 20.0 inches, and the finish is chrome plating. This handle bar has a 13/16 diameter, the new slightly smaller size introduced in the early 1940s.

The mid 1940s Snap-on catalogs assigned the catalog number "L-52-BH" to the combined L-52B head and L-72H bar to distinguish them from the earlier L-52 combinations with the larger diameter bar.

The inset shows the stylized "6" date code on the L-52B head, indicating manufacture in 1946. The L-72H bar has a "7" date code (not shown) for 1947.

The handle bar is fitted with a spring-loaded locking pin at one end, seen at the far right in the photograph. The opposite end has a fixed stop ball.

This sliding Tee handle is one of the tools assigned to the 1940s L-225 Socket Set described below.

Snap-on L-72N 3/4-Drive Ratchet Head with 7/8 Handle Bar

Fig. 211. Snap-on L-72N 3/4-Drive Ratchet Head with 7/8 Handle Bar, with Inset for Side View, 1939.

Fig. 211 shows a 3/4-drive Snap-on L-72N ratchet head mounted on its unmarked [72-H] 7/8 diameter handle bar, together forming the L-72 ratchet assembly. The ratchet head in this photograph is from 1939 and is shown in greater detail in the next figure.

The overall length is 25.5 inches. Both pieces are finished with chrome plating, but with extensive losses (especially on the handle) due to rust and pitting.

Although these pieces were not acquired with the set, this is the correct ratchet model for the 1936 L-225 Socket Set described in a later figure.

Snap-on L-72N 3/4-Drive Ratchet Head

The next several figures show successive versions of the L-72x series of ratchet heads, first introduced as the L-72N in 1935.

Fig. 212. Snap-on L-72N 3/4-Drive Ratchet Head, with Insets for Side View and Marking Detail, 1939.

Fig. 212 shows a 3/4-drive Snap-on L-72N ratchet head, marked with the Snap-on logo and a "Pat. No. 1854513" patent notice (see middle inset). The ratchet is also stamped with a stylized "9" date code for 1939, seen between the "On" and "Off" markings under the shift lever (see lower inset).

The overall length is 5.9 inches. The finish is chrome plating with polished faces, but with some loss due to rust.

The patent notice refers to the Hummel 1932 patent #1,854,513, discussed previously in the section on 1/2-drive ratchets.

The ratchet head is designed to slip onto a 72-H 7/8 diameter handle bar fitted with a locking pin, and the hole for the pin can be seen on the top of the hollow shank. The same handle bar could also be used with the L-52 sliding Tee head.

Although not acquired with the set, this ratchet is the correct model for the 1936 L-225 Socket Set described below.

Snap-on L-72R 3/4-Drive Ratchet Head

Fig. 213. Snap-on L-72R 3/4-Drive Ratchet Head, with Inset for Side View, 1946.

Fig. 213 shows a 3/4-drive Snap-on L-72R ratchet head, marked "Made in U.S.A" and "Pat. No. 1854513" with the Snap-on logo.

The overall length is 5.9 inches, and the finish is chrome plating with polished faces.

A stylized "6" date code for 1946 can be seen on the top face, between the "On" and "Off" markings under the shift lever.

The patent notice refers to the Hummel 1932 patent #1,854,513 mentioned previously.

The ratchet head is designed to slip onto a model L-72H 13/16 diamter handle bar, and the hole for the locking pin can be seen on the top of the hollow shank. The L-72R ratchet was the second version of this basic model and was introduced in 1945; the earlier L-72N model had been in production since 1935.

This ratchet is one of the tools assigned to the 1940s L-225 Socket Set described below.

Snap-on L-72S 3/4-Drive Ratchet Head

Fig. 214. Snap-on L-72S 3/4-Drive Ratchet Head, with Inset for Side View, 1951.

Fig. 214 shows the similar later version Snap-on model L-72S ratchet head, marked "Made in U.S.A" with a stylized "I" date code for 1951.

The overall length is 6.0 inches, and the finish is chrome plating with polished faces.

The L-72S model appears to be very similar to the previous L-72R version, and at this point we're not sure what design differences warranted the change in the model suffix.

As a side note, this particular ratchet was recently rebuilt by a Snap-on dealer to correct a problem with a sheared (or just worn out) locking pin. Snap-on continues to provide superb support for its tools, and parts were still readily available for this ratchet even after more than 50 years.

This ratchet is one of the tools assigned to the 1950s 414-HD-B Socket Set to be shown in a later figure.

Snap-on L-112C 3/4-Drive Flex Handle Heads

Snap-on's earliest 3/4-drive flex-head (or "Nut Spinner") handle were made with an integral shank, rather than the removable handle used for the ratchet and sliding Tee. These early breakers closely resembled the 5/8-drive HD-11 flex handle, and were notable in placing the fork for the flex head on the drive stud piece, rather than on the shank end. The handle end of the shank was also drilled for a cross-bar, for use as a T-handle.

By 1936 a removable flex-head was available for use with the standard 72-H handle bar. The first model was the L-112 "Nut Spinner" head, and versions were given letter suffixes "C", "D", and "E" as minor improvements were made to the design.

The next two figures show examples of model L-112 breaker bar heads.

Fig. 215. Snap-on L-112C 3/4-Drive Flex Handle Head, with Insets for Marking Detail, 1947.

Fig. 215 shows a 3/4-drive Snap-on L-112C flex head, designed to work with the L-72-H 13/16 diameter handle bar. The body is stamped "Made in U.S.A" with the Snap-on logo, and with a stylized "7" date code for 1947.

The overall length is 4.9 inches, and the finish is polished chrome.

The upper composite inset shows the markings around the circumference.

This flex head is one of the tools assigned to the 1940s L-225 Socket Set described below.

Fig. 216. Snap-on L-112C 3/4-Drive Flex Handle Head.

Fig. 216 shows a similar Snap-on L-112C flex handle head, designed to work with the L-72-H 13/16 diameter handle bar. The body is stamped "Made in U.S.A" but without a date code.

The overall length is 5.0 inches, and the finish is polished chrome.

Snap-on L-32 3/4-Drive 3 Inch Extension

Fig. 217. Snap-on L-32 3/4-Drive 3 Inch Extension, with Insets for End View and Marking Detail, 1937.

Fig. 217 shows an early 3/4-drive Snap-on L-32 3 inch extension, stamped with the Snap-on logo and model on the base, and with "Trademark Loxocket" stamped on the drive end. The back side is stamped with a stylized "7" date code for 1937 (see upper inset).

The overall length is 3.1 inches, and the finish is chrome plating.

Note that the drive end (see right inset) has a sloping notch by the release button, intended to help depress the locking pin on the drive stud. This type of square notch is seen only on the very early Loxocket production; later sockets and extensions have a rounded indentation.

Snap-on L-62 3/4-Drive 8 Inch Extension

Fig. 218. Snap-on L-62 3/4-Drive 8 Inch Extension, with Insets for Marking Detail, 1945.

Fig. 218 shows a 3/4-drive Snap-on L-62 8 inch extension, marked with the Snap-on logo and "Made in U.S.A.", plus "Trademark Loxocket" and a "Lic. Reissue Pat. 19287" patent notice. The lower inset shows the date code marked as "G" (for "Government"), the code used for production in 1945.

The overall length is 8.1 inches, and the finish is cadmium plating.

This extension is one of the tools assigned to the 1940s L-225 Socket Set described below.

Snap-on L-18 3/4-Drive Flex Handle

Fig. 219. Snap-on L-18 3/4-Drive Flex Handle, with Insets for Construction and Marking Detail.

Fig. 219 shows a 3/4-drive Snap-on L-18 flex-head breaker bar, marked with just the Snap-on logo and model.

The overall length is 18.9 inches, and the finish is cadmium plating.

The L-18 breaker bar is not listed in any known catalog, suggesting that it may have been a military or industrial special-order item.

LDH-Series 3/4-Drive Socket Sets

Snap-on combined its LDH-series 3/4-drive sockets and tools into sets of various configurations, and these sets provide a convenient snapshot of the development of the 3/4-drive tool line. We currently have four examples of these socket sets, in varying degrees of completeness, and plan to display them soon.

The sets are based on toolbox models from various periods, in particular the model 23-B from 1936, a model 24-B from the early 1940s, a model KR-224 probably from the 1950s, and a more recent model KRA-226A.

1936 L-225 3/4-Drive Socket Set

Our earliest example is a L-225 socket set in a model 23-B metal case, dated to early 1936 based on the date codes of the sockets. This early set offered a relatively large collection of sockets literally crammed into a smallish box: the catalog illustration shows that the five smallest sockets had to be fitted inside the larger sockets! The L-225 was the largest of the three 3/4-drive sets offered at that time, with the intermediate set listed as model L-215 and the smallest as model L-210. All three sets used the 23-B metal case, with the measurements given as 24L by 4-5/8W by 3-1/8D.

The catalog description lists the L-225 set with 18 LDH-series sockets, with sizes ranging from 15/16 up to 2 inches. The drive tools consisted of an L-72-N ratchet, 72-H handle, L-52-A sliding Tee head, L-112 flex head, and extensions L-32, L-62, and L-122.

Fig. 220. Snap-on L-225 3/4-Drive Socket Set, 1936.

Fig. 220 shows the Snap-on L-225 socket set in the 23-B case, with the sockets and tools arranged as in the catalog illustration. (Missing tools and sockets have been filled in from later sets for the photograph.)

Fig. 221. Top View of Snap-on L-225 Socket Set in 23-B Case, 1936.

The top of the 23-B case is shown in Fig. 221, with the embossed Snap-on logo visible below the leather handle.

The inside of the case measures 24.0 by 4.6 by 3.1 inches, and the outer measurements are 24.5 by 5.2 by 3.3 inches. The finish is gray paint, the standard color for Snap-on boxes from the early 1930s through 1947.

1940s L-225 3/4-Drive Socket Set

By 1939 Snap-on had moved the L-225 set into a more spacious 24-B box, with the list of contents basically the same as the earlier versions. The L-225 set in this configuration continued to be offered through 1947.

Our example for this period was built up from separately acquired tools, beginning with the 24-B metal case and adding tools and sockets with (mostly) 1940s date codes. The set specification includes 18 LDH-series sockets from 15/16 up to 2 inches, an L-72R ratchet, L-72-H handle, L-52B sliding Tee head, L-112C flex head, and L-32, L-62, and L-122 extensions.

Fig. 222. Snap-on L-225 3/4-Drive Socket Set, ca. 1940s.

Fig. 222 shows a Snap-on L-225 socket set in its 24-B case, again with the sockets and tools arranged to approximate the catalog illustration. The 24-B case has two metal dividers to create tapered compartments for the sockets, with a central bay for the drive tools.

The set as shown lacks only the L-32 extension to be complete to the specification. The drive tools are all of mid 1940s manufacture, and the socket manufacturing dates range from the mid 1930s up to 1951, with most from the 1940s.

Fig. 223. Top View of Snap-on L-225 Socket Set in 24-B Case, ca. 1940s.

The top of the 24-B case is shown in Fig. 223 at the left, with the embossed Snap-on logo visible below the leather handle.

The inside of the case measures 22.1 by 7.9 by 3.3 inches, and the outside measures 22.6 by 8.3 by 3.5 inches. The finish is gray paint, the standard color for Snap-on boxes from the early 1930s through 1947.

1950s 414-HD-B 3/4-Drive Socket Set

In 1948 Snap-on updated its socket sets to offer four models of 3/4-drive socket sets, with varying numbers of sockets and drive tools to fit different applications and budgets. The metal cases were updated as well, with the gray metal 24-B case being replaced by the red enamel KR-224 case, and a new larger KR-226 case was introduced as well. (The "KR" prefix used for toolboxes supposedly stands for "Kenosha Red".)

The four socket sets (from smallest to largest) were the model 410-HD-B (10 tools), 414-HD-B (15 tools), 424-HD-B (24 tools), and 432-HD-B (32 tools). The two smaller sets came with the KR-224 metal box, with the larger two using the KR-226 toolbox.

Our example for this period is configured as the 414-HD-B set in a KR-224 box. The set includes 10 LDH-series sockets ranging from 1-1/16 up to 1-7/8 inches, with the drive tools consisting of the L-72S ratchet with an L-72H handle, an L-52B sliding Tee head, and extensions L-62 and L-122.

1960s (and Later) 432-HD-B 3/4-Drive Heavy Duty General Set

The model 432-HD-B set was Snap-on's largest collection of 3/4-drive tools for many years. The set is contained in the KRA-226 (later KRA-226A) metal case and includes 24 LDH-series sockets from 3/4 up to 2-3/8 inches. The drive tools consist of the L-72S ratchet with L-72H handle, L-52B sliding Tee head, L-112D flex head, L-82 universal, L-672A ratchet adapter, and extensions L-32, L-62 and L-122.

The KRA-226A case measures 27.1 inches long by 9.2 inches wide, with a height of 3.9 inches. The box is fitted with a rugged swing-out handle on each end.

1 Inch Drive Sockets and Tools

Snap-on 1 Inch Drive LDH-503 1-9/16 Socket

Fig. 226. Snap-on 1 Inch Drive LDH-503 1-9/16 Socket, with Insets for Drive End and Broaching.

Fig. 226 shows a 1 inch drive Snap-on LDH-503 1-9/16 socket, stamped on the bottom with the Snap-on logo, size, and model number.

The finish is polished chrome plating.

Impact Sockets and Tools

Snap-on 1 Inch Drive IP-752 1-5/8 Double-Square Impact Socket

Fig. 227. Snap-on 1 Inch Drive IP-752 1-5/8 Double-Square Impact Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail.

A relatively early example of a Snap-on impact socket is shown in Fig. 227, a 1 inch drive Snap-on IP-752 1-5/8 double-square impact socket, marked "Made in USA" with the Snap-on logo.

The finish is plain steel.

Snap-on 1-1/2 Inch Drive SIP-765 2-3/8 Impact Socket

This next figure shows one of Snap-on's larger impact sockets, a 1-1/2 inch drive "Jumbo" hex socket. The photograph has been arranged as a triptych to show the end markings and broaching details.

Fig. 228. Snap-on 1-1/2 Inch Drive SIP-765 2-3/8 Impact Socket, with Insets for Broaching and Marking Detail.

Fig. 228 shows a 1-1/2 inch drive Snap-on SIP-765 2-3/8 impact socket, marked on the drive end with the Snap-on logo, size, and model.

The finish is black paint, probably added by a former owner.

This massive socket has a height of 4.6 inches and a diameter at the opening of 3.8 inches.